Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection

Dexona Injection (Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection) - Product Information

Dexona Injection (Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection) is used to treat a number of different conditions, such as inflammation (swelling), severe allergies, adrenal problems, arthritis, asthma, blood or bone marrow problems, kidney problems, skin conditions, and flare-ups of multiple sclerosis. Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid (cortisone-like medicine or steroid). It works by decreasing inflammation and slowing down an overactive immune system.
Dexamethasone tablets are also used in combination with other medicines to treat multiple myeloma (a type of bone marrow cancer).
Dexona injections are manufactured by Zydus Cadila Healthcare Limited, India, India in the strengths of 4 mg of Dexamethasone Sodium per 1 ml of the solution.
We also have in stock Atarax Tablets (Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride Tablets) which is also used to assist in the management of anxiety and tension caused by nervous and emotional conditions in adults. Atarax is useful in the management of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as chronic urticaria and atopic and contact dermatoses..

Name of the Drug

Dexona Injection.

Manufacturer of Dexona Injection

Zydus Cadila Healthcare Limited, India  
Website: www.zyduscadila.com

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient

The active ingredient present in Dexona Injection is Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate. Each ml of Dexona Injection contains Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate equivalent to 4 mg of Dexamethasone Sodium.

Uses of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection (Dexona Injection)

Dexamethasone reduces inflammation and suppresses the immune system and is used normally for patients with:

• severe allergic reactions causing swelling of the face and throat, low blood pressure and collapse (angioneurotic oedema and anaphylaxis)
• shock caused by infection or severe tuberculosis (also with anti-infective treatments e.g. antibiotics)
• raised pressure in the skull caused by tumours or infantile spasms
• Sometimes, the injection is given into the painful area itself e.g. inflammation of the joints (rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis)

Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection - Dosage

Generic Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection should be administered exactly as suggested by your doctor. Your doctor may recommend a dosage of Dexona Injection depending on your age, medical requirement, body weight, other medical conditions, and current medications.
The initial dosage of dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection varies from 0.5 to 9 mg a day depending on the disease being treated. In less severe diseases doses lower than 0.5 mg may suffice, while in severe diseases doses higher than 9 mg may be required.
The initial dosage should be maintained or adjusted until the patient's response is satisfactory. If a satisfactory clinical response does not occur after a reasonable period of time, discontinue dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection and transfer the patient to other therapy.
After a favorable initial response, the proper maintenance dosage should be determined by decreasing the initial dosage in small amounts to the lowest dosage that maintains an adequate clinical response.
Patients should be observed closely for signs that might require dosage adjustment, including changes in clinical status resulting from remissions or exacerbations of the disease, individual drug responsiveness, and the effect of stress (e.g., surgery, infection, trauma). During stress it may be necessary to increase dosage temporarily.
Acute Allergic Disorders: In acute, self-limited allergic disorders or acute exacerbations of chronic allergic disorders, the following dosage schedule combining parenteral and oral therapy is suggested:
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection, 4 mg/mL: first day, 1 or 2 mL (4 or 8 mg), intra muscularly.
If the drug is to be stopped after more than a few days of treatment, it usually should be withdrawn gradually.
Dexona Injection works effectively if the amount of Dexamethasone Sodium is maintained at a constant level in the body. You should be systematic about the daily schedule for the medication such that you take tablets at about the same time every day, to get the maximum benefit of the medication. Continue taking Dexona Injection without missing any doses for the recommended treatment period and do not stop the treatment suddenly even if you feel better.

Please consult your doctor for exact dosing instructions. Dexona Injection (Generic Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection) should be administered in the dose prescribed by the doctor and for the duration recommended by the doctor.

Missed Dose

If you forget to administer your regular Dexona Injection dose on time, administer it whenever you remember.
If you remember the next day, skip the missed dose and take your scheduled dose. Do not administer a double dose to compensate the missed dose.

Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection (Dexona Injection) Mechanism of Action

Dexamethasone is a potent glucocorticoid with very little if any, mineralocorticoid activity. Dexamethasone's effect on the body occurs in a variety of ways. It works by suppressing the migration of neutrophils and decreasing lymphocyte colony proliferation. The capillary membrane becomes less permeable, as well.

Storage Instructions for Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injections (Dexona Injections)

Store Dexona Injections at controlled room temperature (20°C to 25°C),protected from heat, moisture, and sunlight. Excursions are permitted from 15°C to 30°C.
Retain the original packing of the medication and do not use Dexona Injection past its expiration date printed on the blister pack. Keep the pack of Generic Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection away from the reach of children and pets. Do not dispose along with domestic waste or sewage. Consult your doctor or pharmacist about the correct method of disposal.

Contraindications

Dexona Injection is contraindicated in patients with a hypersensitivity to Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate or any inactive ingredient present in Dexona Injection. are contraindicated in the following cases:
Use in patients with peptic ulcer, active tuberculosis, acute psychosis, acute bacterial or viral infection is contraindicated.
Systemic fungal infection; systemic infection unless specific anti-infective therapy is employed

Overdose

Reports of acute toxicity and/or death following overdosage of glucocorticoids are rare. In the event of overdosage, no specific antidote is available; treatment is supportive and symptomatic.

Warnings and Precautions

Serious Neurologic Adverse Reactions with Epidural Administration
Serious neurologic events, some resulting in death, have been reported with epidural injection of corticosteroids. Specific events reported include, but are not limited to, spinal cord infarction, paraplegia, quadriplegia, cortical blindness, and stroke. These serious neurologic events have been reported with and without use of fluoroscopy. The safety and effectiveness of epidural administration of corticosteroids have not been established, and corticosteroids are not approved for this use.
Corticosteroids may mask some signs of infection:
In patients on corticosteroid therapy subject to any unusual stress, increased dosage of rapidly acting corticosteroids before, during, and after the stressful situation is indicated. Corticosteroids may mask some signs of infection, and new infections may appear during their use. There may be decreased resistance and inability to localize infection when corticosteroids are used.
Posterior Subcapsular Cataracts And Glaucoma:
Prolonged use of corticosteroids may produce posterior subcapsular cataracts, glaucoma with possible damage to the optic nerves, and may enhance the establishment of secondary ocular infections due to fungi or viruses.
More Susceptible To Infections :
Children who are on immunosuppressant drugs are more susceptible to infections than healthy children. Chickenpox and measles, for example, can have a more serious or even fatal course in children on immunosuppressant corticosteroids. In such children or in adults who have not had these diseases, particular care should be taken to avoid exposure. If exposed, therapy with varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG) or pooled intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), as appropriate, may be indicated. If chickenpox develops, treatment with antiviral agents may be considered.
Patients With Known Or Suspected Strongyloides (Threadworm) Infestation:
Similarly, corticosteroids should be used with great care in patients with known or suspected Strongyloides (threadworm) infestation. In such patients, corticosteroid-induced immunosuppression may lead to Strongyloides hyperinfection and dissemination with widespread larval migration, often accompanied by severe enterocolitis and potentially fatal gram-negative septicemia.

Side Effects of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection (Dexona Injection)

The incidence of predictable undesirable effects, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal suppression, correlates with the relative potency of the medication, dosage, timing of administration and the duration of treatment.

• Fluid and electrolyte disturbances:Sodium retention, fluid retention, congestive heart failure in susceptible patients, potassium loss, hypokalaemic alkalosis, hypertension, increased calcium excretion
• Musculoskeletal:Muscle weakness, steroid myopathy, loss of muscle mass, osteoporosis (especially in post-menopausal females), vertebral compression fractures, aseptic necrosis of femoral and humeral heads, pathological fracture of long bones, tendon rupture and post-injection flare
• Gastrointestinal:Peptic ulcer with possible perforation and haemorrhage, perforation of the small and large bowel, particularly in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, abdominal distension, ulcerative oesophagitis, dyspepsia, oesophageal candidiasis
• Dermatological:Impaired wound healing, thin fragile skin, petechiae and ecchymoses, erythema, striae, telangiectasia, acne, increased sweating, possible suppression of skin tests, burning or tingling especially in the perineal area (after intravenous injection), other cutaneous reactions such as allergic dermatitis, urticaria, angioneurotic oedema and hypo- or hyper-pigmentation
• Neurological:Convulsions, increased intracranial pressure with papilloedema (pseudotumour cerebri) usually after treatment, vertigo, headache, cerebral palsy in pre-term infants, epidural lipomatosis
• Psychiatric:A wide range of psychiatric reactions including affective disorders (such as irritable, euphoric, depressed and labile mood, and suicidal thoughts), psychotic reactions (including mania, delusions, hallucinations, and aggravation of schizophrenia), behavioural disturbances, irritability, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and cognitive dysfunction including confusion and amnesia have been reported. Reactions are common and may occur in both adults and children. In adults, the frequency of severe reactions has been estimated to be 5-6%. Psychological effects have been reported on withdrawal of corticosteroids; the frequency is unknown.
• Endocrine:Menstrual irregularities, amenorrhoea, development of Cushingoid state, suppression of growth in children and adolescents, secondary adrenocortical and pituitary unresponsiveness (particularly in times of stress as in trauma, surgery or illness), decreased carbohydrate tolerance, manifestation of latent diabetes mellitus, increased requirements for insulin or oral hypoglycaemic agents in diabetes, hirsutism
• Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects:Increased susceptibility and severity of infections with suppression of clinical symptoms and signs; opportunistic infections, recurrence of dormant tuberculosis
• Ophthalmic:Posterior subcapsular cataracts, increased intraocular pressure, papilloedema, corneal or scleral thinning, exacerbation of ophthalmic viral disease, glaucoma exophthalmos, rare instances of blindness associated with intralesional therapy around the face and head, retinopathy of prematurity, chorioretinopathy.
• Metabolic:Negative nitrogen balance due to protein catabolism, negative calcium balance
• Cardiovascular:Myocardial rupture following recent myocardial infarction, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in prematurely born infants
• Other:Hypersensitivity, including anaphylaxis has been reported, leucocytosis, thrombo-embolism, weight gain, increased appetite, nausea, malaise, hiccups and sterile abscess. Multiple myeloma patients treated with lenalidomide or thalidomide in combination with dexamethasone have an increased risk of thromboembolic events including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
• Withdrawal symptoms and signsToo rapid a reduction of corticosteroid dosage following prolonged treatment can lead to acute adrenal insufficiency, hypotension and death.In some instances, withdrawal symptoms may simulate a clinical relapse of the disease for which the patient has been undergoing treatment.

Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection (Dexona Injection) During Pregnancy

Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate has been classified by the US FDA as Pregnancy Category C.
Since adequate human reproduction studies have not been done with corticosteroids, use of these drugs in pregnancy or in women of childbearing potential requires that the anticipated benefits be weighed against the possible hazards to the mother and embryo or fetus. Infants born of mothers who during pregnancy have received substantial doses of corticosteroids should be carefully observed for signs of hypoadrenalism.
Average and large doses of cortisone or hydrocortisone can cause elevation of blood pressure, salt and water retention, and increased excretion of potassium. These effects are less likely to occur with the synthetic derivatives except when used in large doses. Patients with a stressed myocardium should be observed carefully and the drug administered slowly since premature ventricular contractions may occur with rapid administration. Dietary salt restriction and potassium supplementation may be necessary. All corticosteroids increase calcium excretion.
Do not use this medicine without your doctor's consent in case you are pregnant. Stop using this medication and inform your doctor immediately if you become pregnant during treatment.

Nursing Considerations

Corticosteroids appear in breast milk and could suppress growth, interfere with endogenous corticosteroid production, or cause other unwanted effects. Mothers taking pharmacologic doses of corticosteroids should be advised not to nurse.
Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

Buy Generic Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection (Dexona 4 mg Injection) Online From Only $0.42 per Vial

You can buy Generic Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Injection online from Everest Online Pharmacy at a cheap price. Dexona 4 mg Injection, manufactured by Zydus Cadila Healthcare Limited, India, are supplied in a box of 10 vials. The 4 mg injections cost only $ 0.42 per unit when you place an order for 500 vials.

Disclaimer

The above information is provided to the best of our knowledge and in good faith. It is without a warrant of any kind, expressed or implied.

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